Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): One preventive approach to dentistry

Abstract

Objective: the aim of this study is to, through a recent literature review, present the clinical characteristics of COVID 19, the known transmission routes, to address how dentists can identify suspected cases and, mainly, provide preventive measures to control and minimize infection in dental practice. Material and Methods: a bibliographical research was carried out in the MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine, USA - NLM) database, with the keywords COVID 19 and dental practice, from March 12nd to 16th of 2020, and three articles published in the current year were available. The selection criteria were articles in their full and free versions, written in the english language. Results: COVID-19 has fever, cough, sneezing and phlegm as the main clinical symptoms in mild considered cases. The main transmission routes are direct and through contact. In order to identify suspected cases, dentists should measure the patient’s body temperature and apply a brief questionnaire. Professionals should frequently perform hand washing before and after the service and use personal protective equipments. Mouthwash with 1.0% Hydrogen Peroxide and 0.2% povidone-iodine to treatment is recommended. 0.12% Chlorhexidine is not effective. Conclusion: in times of disease outbreaks, new challenges arise, to which professionals must respond with even greater care with biosafety, ethics, zeal and preparation.